Pulse Echo crack utilizes a 45-degree shear wave obtained in the steel as a result of the incidence angle (sensor tilt). This shear wave “zig zags” in the pipe wall and is reflected to the sensors following the same path when a crack is detected. The time-of-flight differences between signal emission and reception indicate whether the anomalies are internal or external. Adding further precision to the feature evaluation, the received signal's amplitude is directly tied to a specific depth. The combination of these data points produce an accurate picture of the location, depth, and length of a potential crack. Our measurements are so precise that we can tell how severe (or minor) a feature might be based solely on the amplitude of the reflected signal. When we gather hundreds and thousands of these amplitude data points, we can paint a vivid picture of the exact location, orientation, type, and sizing of a crack in a given operation.