A welding defectA flaw, anomaly, or imperfection in a pipeline that could compromise its integrity, safety, or performance. Defects can vary in nature, size, and severity and c… that occurs when there is insufficient fusion between the base metals or the weldLocalized coalescence of metals produced by heating the materials to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure, or by the application… metal during a welding process. It results in a weak jointA single section (also pipe spool) of pipe that is circumferentially welded to form a pipeline. with reduced strength and integrityThe capability of a pipeline to perform its intended function safely and reliably throughout its life. It includes a range of factors, including the structural …, potentially leading to structural failures or performance issues.